For rank differences from two through nine stones, the appropriate number of handicap stones are used.
2.
Then came " ni-sen-ni " for rank difference of four, and a plain two-stone handicap for rank difference five.
3.
Then came " ni-sen-ni " for rank difference of four, and a plain two-stone handicap for rank difference five.
4.
A statistical method used for analyzing the tendency of an individual to produce value-increasing aspects before value-decreasing is the standardized median rank difference ( SMRD ).
5.
Post-hoc tests were proposed by Schaich and Hamerle ( 1984 ) as well as Conover ( 1971, 1980 ) in order to decide which groups are significantly different from each other, based upon the mean rank differences of the groups.
6.
The principles were extended : for a rank difference of three the handicap was " sen-ni-sen ", which meant one game on a two-stone handicap out of every three, the others being with Black.